If you would like to comment on this story or anything else you have seen on BBC Culture, head over to our Facebook page or message us on Twitter. The repeated use of the Eye of Providence – and we can apply this as much to Madonna and Jay-Z as to Bentham, Le Barbier, Thomson, Barton, the Freemasons, Renaissance artists or pretty much any other individual or group – is proof not of a concerted conspiracy, but of its enduring brilliance as a piece of logo design. But rather than any link to the Illuminati, what each music artist has in common is a discerning eye for the iconic (and perhaps for provocation) – in visuals as much as in melody. They were, so it was believed, open puzzles that contained multiple meanings.Īnd into our modern age, Madonna, Jay-Z and Kanye West have all been accused of using Illuminati iconography, including the Eye of Providence. The symbols in hieroglyphic writing – animals, birds and abstract shapes – were thought to be deliberately mysterious, each one creating meaning through the inspiration of the viewer rather than being part of a linguistic system. Nowadays we know that they are a written language of mainly phonetic signs, but in the 1400s and 1500s they were believed to have a much more mystical significance. This stemmed from a fundamental misunderstanding of hieroglyphics’ original use. One of the most famous appeared in a romance of 1499 titled The Dream of Poliphilo where the translation of an Egyptian single eye symbol was ‘God’. At that time, scholars and artists had a fascination with Egyptian writing the only problem was that they didn’t fully understand it, and attempted translations were normally riddled with inaccuracies. This and other Egyptian hieroglyphs of isolated human eyes went on to affect European iconography during the Renaissance. But what are the origins of that eerie disembodied eye? God had been depicted in numerous cryptic ways before, such as by a single hand emerging from a cloud, but not as an eye. The rays of light that are often shown emanating from the symbol are also a pre-existing sign of God’s radiance in Christian iconography. The triangle was a long-standing symbol of the Christian Trinity of Father, Son and Holy Spirit sometimes in previous centuries God was even depicted with a triangular halo. Nobody is certain who originally invented it, but whoever did crafted it out of a set of previously existing religious motifs. As the name of the symbol and its early usage suggest, it was invented as a sign of God’s compassionate watchfulness over humanity. In later editions, the Eye of Providence was included as an attribute of the personification of ‘Divine Providence’, ie God’s benevolence. Another key source of the icon was in a book of emblems called the Iconologia, published first in 1593.
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